Table 1 Eukaryotes surviving scanning electron microscopy (SEM) conditions
From: Some living eukaryotes during and after scanning electron microscopy
Organisms | SEM conditions | Survival criteria | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Beetle | No chemical fixation | Metamorphosis | Pease et al. 1966 |
Plant | Cold stage (-15℃) | Protoplasmic streaming | Kaneko et al. 1985 |
Fungus | Chemical fixation Cryo-fixation | Spore germination | Read and Lord 1991 |
Tardigrade | No chemical fixation | Movement | Persson et al. 2011 |
Tick | No chemical fixation | Movement | Ishigaki et al. 2012 |
Mosquito | No chemical fixation (nano-suit) | Metamorphosis | Takaku et al. 2013 |
Midge | No chemical fixation (nano-suit) | Movement | Takaku et al. 2013 |
Insect Spider | No chemical fixation | Movement | Scharf 2017 |